Volcanoes form most commonly in regions where one tectonic plate plunges beneath another tectonic plate. how does this process lead to volcano formation? a. the plate plunging downward suddenly turns upward, busting through the surface to form volcanoes. b. the plate plunging downward knocks loose part of the earth's core, which rises up to form volcanoes at the surface. c. it causes part of the overriding plate to melt into magma, which rises up to form volcanoes at the surface.

In the california poppy, an allele for yellow flowers (c) is dominant over an allele forwhite flowers (c). at an independently assorting locus, an allele for entire petals (f) isdominant over an allele for fringed petals (f ). a plant that is homozygous for yellow andentire petals is crossed with a plant that is white and fringed. a resulting f1 plant is thencrossed with a plant that is white and fringed, and the following progeny are produced: 54 yellow and entire; 58 yellow and fringed, 53 white and entire, and 10 white andfringed. using the chi-square test, what would the probability value (p-value) be?