What is the relationship between changes in a species' environment and the effectiveness of the species' reproduction strategies?

Idon’t know the answer and i’ve been stuck on it for a while now skskskskks

Which of the following particles always has a positive charge? a. electronb. neutron c. proton d. ion

What condition is kept close to its set point in osmoregulation? a. body temperature b. platelet count c. blood glucose level d. water balance