Compare mitosis to meiosis, distinguishing how these processes are similar and different. give examples of cells that undergo mitosis and those that use meiosis.

Both mitosis and meiosis are types of cell division, but they both function differently, and give different results.

Mitosis involves a parent cell duplicating its genetic information and dividing once to give 2 identical daughter cells that are genetically identical to both the other daughter cell and the parent cell.

Meiosis is where a parent cell first duplicates its genetic information, then swapping these genetic information, and dividing twice, so it gives 4 daughter cells that only have half of the chromosome number comparing to the parent cell and they're all genetically different.

Since mitosis gives identical daughter cells, they're used in growth, repair, etc. So examples of cells that undergo mitosis includes muscle cells, skin cells, etc. Meanwhile, since meiosis gives genetically different cells that only have half of the normal chromosome number, they're usually only used in producing sex cells, so that when 2 sex cells fuse together they'll end with a zygote that have the normal chromosome number rather than duplicated number. So examples of cells that undergo meiosis include sperms or eggs in human, or anther in flowering plants.

Environmental science studies the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment, including their effects on all types of organisms. earth science (also known as geoscience), is an inclusive term for all sciences related to earth (geology, meteorology, oceanogr maphy, etc).  although environmental and earth science cover essentially the same material, environmental science places greater emphasis on the biological realm, while earth science places greater emphasis on the physical realm.    environmental and earth science study the interactions of four major systems or “spheres” (figure 8.6).  the  geosphere  consists of the core, mantle and crust of the earth.the  atmosphere  contains all of the earth’s air and is divided into troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and ionosphere.the  hydrosphere  contains all of the solid, liquid and gaseous water on earth, extending from the depths of the sea to the upper reaches of the troposphere where water is found.  ninety-seven percent of the hydrosphere is found in salty oceans, and the remainder is found as vapor or droplets in the atmosphere and as liquid in ground water, lakes, rivers, glaciers and snowfields.  the  biosphere  is the collection of all earth’s life forms, distributed in major life zones known as biomes:   tundra, boreal forest, temperate deciduous forest, temperate grassland, desert, savannah, tropical rainforest, chaparral, freshwater, and marine.although the four systems have their unique identities, there is substantial interaction between them.  environmental scientists study the effects of events in one sphere on the other spheres. for example, a volcanic eruption in the geosphere may cause profound direct and indirect effects on the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere as follows: example 1 (volcano)    on may 18, 1980, mount saint helens, in the state of washington, erupted.  this event altered the surrounding environment, and provided scientists with an opportunity to study the effects of volcanic eruptions on the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.  such studies are vital because volcanic eruptions will continue to occur, and will have increasing impact on humans as people continue to settle lands closer to dormant volcanoes. the following are but a few of the myriad of interactions resulting from a volcanic