Type making evolved from metal (calligraphy, engraving, printing) on copper and steel plates to (photography, lithography, typography), which is a chemical process.

Type making evolved from metal engraving on copper and steel plates to  lithography which is a chemical process.

Explanation:

   Engraving: Originally, type foundries produced and sold metal or wood-carved types used to compose texts that would be printed by the typographic printing system.

    Lithography: lithography transfers its image from a flat surface, the lithographic stone. For the first time since the invention of printing, typographic design has been detached from its sculptural nature, freeing itself from the mechanical constraints of the modular movable type, since the artist can draw freely on the lithographic stone.

the correct answer is d.

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