When creating a mural, the design is often transferred onto the wall by perforating a large preparatory drawing with small pinholes through which charcoal powder is then forced. what is this type of drawing known as?

The cartoon

Explanation:
Before painting on a wall (creating a mural), the artist creates a large drawing of the work called a cartoon.
The cartoon was perforated with small pinholes to mark where lines will be drawn.
The cartoon was positioned on the wall, and charcoal was forced through the pinholes onto the wall. The pinhole markings on the wall guided the artist in completing the mural.