What is the drawing technique of using dots to create degrees of shading or solidity instead of using lines? cross-hatching dotting stippling nextreset

In contour drawing crossing lines is one way to indicate this

How does viewing byzantine representational art as icons/windows change the interpretations we give them?

A. what should the time signature be for the b. every note in this example is (write the letter name.) c. circle all eighth notes. d. how many beats does the rest in the first measure get? e. give the example a final barline. bonus: include a dynamic marking of your choice.