Name this painting and its artist. explain what you see and feel when you look at this painting. what type of methodology was used?

AMERICAN GOTHIC!

Explanation: I'm not pretty of what do you mean when you ask for the "methodlogy". You mean that this was a representational style?

This kind of paintings emerged from the "need" of opposing to the European abstract style bby developing a style on their own.  A need that nowdays is called REGIONALISM.

for many centuries, the catholic church has been a patron of the arts. the church has used various scientific methods to maintain its power.

not 100% sure though!