When notating music for others to read, composers traditionally have used words to indicate dynamics?

If you were to stage the play on which casablanca is based, how would you use lighting in your production? describe one scene from the film and the lighting it uses. would you change the lighting in any way for a stage production of the scene? why or why not?

One of the researchers mentions that he is looking for "affiliation cues" in the video recordings of the experiment. how would you describe what these affiliation cues indicate?

Portraits are considered extremely important in early history because they were ?