By the ninth century, became an economic and religious force in west and north africa. the change greatly influenced jenne architecture and culture.

a.
islam
c.
judaism
b.
animism
d.
christianity

Option: A. Islam

Explanation:

Islam began to spread in Africa in the parts of West and North during the 9th century. Islam spread in West Africa through trade and during that period, the region flourished with great wealth. It is to be note, Africa became the first continent to convert into Islam. Jenne culture and architecture flourished in the 9th century A.D., because of the spread of Islam. Jenne was a highly sophisticated urban center which had a surrounding wall made of mud blocks. It also had specialized workshops like brass, clay vessels and forged irons.

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