Refer to the two sources. Source 1

"Improving job access continues to be one of the most important priorities for transportation planners, but policy-makers and researchers debate whether this goal is better served by investments in public transportation or increasing access to vehicles. In the analysis of a large-scale panel survey of families, it was found that improving automobile access decreases the likelihood of unemployment and increases earnings, but that—unsurprisingly—automobiles are also quite costly to own and maintain.”

A Longitudinal Analysis of Cars, Transit, and Employment Outcomes, by Michael J. Smart and Nicholas J. Klein, 2015

Source 2 (the graph)

A graph titled Ownership of Private Vehicles in Developed Countries, 1960 to 1995 shows countries on the x axis and ownership in millions on the y axis. The graph shows an upward trend in ownership for each country.

Based on the sources, which of the following conclusions can be drawn about the effect of transportation technology during the latter half of the 20th century?

Use of private vehicles in Canada decreased as suburban areas became connected to cities by public transportation, thereby increasing access to economic opportunities.

More people purchased private vehicles in Greece despite the prohibitive cost of maintenance, and this had positive effects on suburban economies.

Suburban sprawl in places like Sweden was mitigated by public-transportation systems, and the use of private vehicles grew very little.

The popularity and purchase of private vehicles supported the United States’ suburban development and expansion because it enabled more people to work.