A circus lion repeatedly receives a smack on the nose just after the trainer walks into the cage. The lion shrinks from the trainer's slap each time and eventually cowers in the corner of the cage when the trainer
enters. What would a behaviorist call this increased withdrawal response? Explain your answer.

North american deer eat the leaves of shrubs and trees. american bison eat vegetation near the ground. both of these animals are prey to wolves and bears. which of the following human activities would most likely result in the growth of the north american deer population? a) increased bison hunting b) decreased clearing of land for farming c) decreased bear hunting d) decreased city building e) increased wolf hunting