How is the sociological perspective different from
the perspective used in economics or political science?

Your answer is going to be d.

  the correct answer is : binding price ceilings encourage the formation of a black market

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This is called visual imagery. it is a memorization technique wherein an idea or a term is associated with an image, this in remembering ideas, especially as humans are very visual learners. this is also why visual aids a lot for memory retention.