All of the following are legitimate functions of registered lobbyists a. testifying at public hearings b. providing members of congress with statistical data c. preparing reports d. representing the interests of pacs, unions, and interest groups e. nominating candidates for public office

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.