Suppose new data were discovered revealing that the average us factory worker actually produced over $7 in value for every $1 paid in wages near the end of the 19th century. this new information would:

a. be irrelevant to the author’s main discussion.
b. undermine the central assumption underpinning the author’s argument.
c. further strengthen the notion that workers in continental europe were particularly inefficient.
d. somewhat undermine the author’s point about child labor laws.

This new information would be irrelevant to the author’s main discussion.

Explanation:

The writers ' main debate was the shortage of labour and explanations for it. Argument about productivity in the British economy at the end of the day – new information goes against, but would not undermine the core point of the case of the author (labour scarcity in employers and workers ' rights)

A labour shortage is a financial requirement of employers, in its widest definition, which believes that there are inadequate qualified (employers) applicants to meet market demands for jobs with wages that are mostly determined by the employer.

the correct answer is economics is a game without winners or losers.

unlike sports or games economic is a game without losers or winner rather it is a game where everyone wins. parties of business doing businesses exchange money with each other and hence exchange is done on the basis of goods. one party takes the goods and other sales it so there is winner on both sides. each party values more highly the good it gets than the good it gives up. both sides exchange only because both intend to increase their value. so there is no concept of lose or win.

c

explanation: