In terms of the tax formula applicable to individual taxpayers, which of the following statements, if any, is correct?
a. in arriving at taxable income, a taxpayer must choose between the standard deduction and itemized deductions.
b. in arriving at agi, personal and dependency exemptions are subtracted from gross income.
c. in arriving at taxable income, a taxpayer must choose between the standard deduction and the deduction for qualified business income.
d. the tax formula does not apply if a taxpayer elects to claim the standard deduction.
e. none of these.

The correct answer is a. In arriving at taxable income, a taxpayer must choose between the standard deduction and itemized deductions.  

Explanation:

In tax law, the tax base is the magnitude that results from the measurement of the taxable event. It is defined as the dimension or magnitude of an element of the objective budget of the taxable event that is judged as determining the relative contributory capacity.

In tax legal relations, the taxable event shows the existence of an economic capacity in the subjects, but for the tax to be applied, this fact must be assessed in some way, usually in monetary units.

The tax base is ultimately the magnitude that is used in each tax to measure the economic capacity of the subject, such that it is reflected in ceilings.

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